Water Quality and Microbiological Assessment of Burullus Lake and Its Surrounding Drains

Abstract Burullus Lake, which is the second-largest coastal lagoon in Egypt, deteriorating due to nutrient enrichment and pollutant loading. The study aims assess lake’s water quality using indices microbiological assessment. Surface samples were collected from Lake winter summer, as well drains that discharge waste into lake. Most lake stations are classified marginal category based on index (WQI). Dissolved oxygen, ammonia, copper, cadmium have greatest impact WQI, reflecting pollution loads. Based contamination index, heavy metal classification results ranged “lowly polluted” “highly polluted.” According Nemerow Index, human activity has significantly impaired ecology of surrounding through copper pollution. fecal coliform/fecal streptococci ratio was less than 0.6 samples, suggesting domesticated animal wastes. Drain contaminated with indicated frequent contamination. Several allow a significant amount effluent, including high amounts pesticides fertilizers, enter lake, causing serious Dredging deepening inlet link between Mediterranean Sea had positive quality. However, there still other options for improving health. Therefore, it recommended routinely check Lake’s its keep track condition any improvement efforts’ effectiveness.